On Their Own Paths. Japan and China Responses to the Global and Regional Challenges

The volume discusses the importance of power shift and dilemmas related to the power transition in East Asia. After the Cold War carne to a close, East Asia has attested profound power shifts resulting from the sudden rise of China.

Beijing had already attained the status of a political power in 1971, when it replaced Taipei as a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, but it is the economic reforms that to a much greater extent decided China’s international position. The path of free-market-oriented changes and opening up to the external world was maintained even after the Tiananmen crackdown in 1989.

• Since the 1990s Beijing has started displaying an increased assertiveness in foreign policy.

• The balance of power in the region was ever increasingly challenged by China's growing military budget.
• Moreover, Tokyo was increasingly concerned with the strengthening of anti-Japanese nationalism in China.

China not only exerted pressure on Taipei in the Taiwan Strait crisis in 1995/1996, but also became antagonized with Japan and Southeast Asia n states due to the unshelving of territorial disputes in the East and South China Seas. In 2010 China’s GDP exceeded the one of Japan, which symbolized the transition of the center of power in the region from Tokyo to Beijing.